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I Research : Journal of Pharmacology
The I Research : Journal of Pharmacology provides a resource content about Pharmacology and Toxicology field especially about the pre-clinical studies, Clinical Investigations, Pharmacovigilance etc. This journal aims to publish all the recent research and reviews articles related to pharmacology and Toxicology like Pre-clinical and Clinical studies, PKPD Modelling, Bioavailability studies in animal models, Toxicological studies of synthetic and herbal drugs etc.. It is the international journal of published Bi-Annual by I Research Academia. Authors should consult the latest instructions to authors before preparing their manuscripts. All contributions must be in English and should be submitted online only in a single word file. All contributions must be in English and should be submitted online only in a single word file.
Anti Thyroid and AntiOxidant Effects of Grape Skin Extract on L-Thyroxine Induced Hyperthyroidism in Rats
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is a major endocrine disorder that greatly interferes with growth, metabolic activity, and thermoregulation in adults. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic grape skin extract (GSE) on hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxine (T4) in rats. A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=6). Group 1 (normal control) received distilled water. Group 2 (hyperthyroid control) received L-thyroxine (600 µg/kg, orally) for 12 consecutive days. Group 3 (positive control) received L-thyroxine and propylthiouracil (PTU, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 12 days. Groups 4 and 5 (treatment groups) received L-thyroxine along with GSE at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg orally for 12 days, respectively. The effects of GSE were measured using serum thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), liver function tests (AST and ALT), liver lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant levels, along with a histopathological examination of the liver. L-thyroxine treatment led to significantly higher T3 and T4 levels in the serum and lower TSH levels, which are signs of hyperthyroidism. Treatment with GSE significantly reduced T3 and T4 levels while increasing TSH levels in a dose-dependent way. The levels of AST and ALT in the hyperthyroid group were significantly decreased in the GSE-treated groups.