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I Research : Journal of Pharmacology

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The I Research : Journal of Pharmacology provides a resource content about Pharmacology and Toxicology field especially about the pre-clinical studies, Clinical Investigations, Pharmacovigilance etc. This journal aims to publish all the recent research and reviews articles related to pharmacology and Toxicology like Pre-clinical and Clinical studies, PKPD Modelling, Bioavailability studies in animal models, Toxicological studies of synthetic and herbal drugs etc.. It is the international journal of published Bi-Annual by I Research Academia. Authors should consult the latest instructions to authors before preparing their manuscripts. All contributions must be in English and should be submitted online only in a single word file. All contributions must be in English and should be submitted online only in a single word file.

Open AccessResearch Article
Peer Reviewed

IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF PROPYL GALLATE AGAINST CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN RAT.

ByMukeshkanna R*,Dr.N.Chidambaranathan
Keywords:
Propyl gallateCyclophosphamideImmunosuppressionImmunomodulationNK cells.
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Abstract

Original research summary & clinical findings

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a cytotoxic drug with immunosuppressive properties that is used extensively; its clinical value is limited by bone-marrow suppression and damage to lymphoid organs. Propyl gallate (PG), the n-propyl ester of gallic acid, is a phenolic antioxidant reported to have anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties, although no report has addressed its influence on CP-induced immune injury. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control, CP control, levamisole (2.5 mg/kg) + CP, PG 30 mg/kg + CP and PG 60 mg/kg + CP. Test agents were administered for 14 days, with CP (80 mg/kg, i.p.) injected over the last 7 days. End-points comprised blood counts, spleen and thymus indices, carbon-clearance phagocytic index, neutrophil adhesion, splenic natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, serum IgG and IgM (ELISA), and haematoxylin–eosin histology of the spleen and thymus. Results: CP reduced WBC, RBC and platelet counts by 50.5%, 37.0% and 27.0% respectively, approximately halved the spleen and thymus indices, and impaired phagocytosis, NK-cell cytotoxicity and immunoglobulin levels. Compared with CP alone, PG at 60 mg/kg raised WBC (+63%), RBC (+23%) and platelets (+20%), improved the spleen and thymus indices, brought phagocytic capacity back to normal, recovered NK-cell cytotoxicity (83.7% versus 63.4%) and elevated IgG and IgM by 55% and 67%. The 30 mg/kg dose gave smaller and mostly partial responses, with evident improvement in leukocyte counts, immune organ indices, phagocytosis, NK activity and immunoglobulins. Histological examination indicated that PG maintained lymphoid cellularity in the spleen and thymus. Conclusion: In a dose-related manner, PG shielded the haematopoietic, lymphoid and effector-cell compartments from CP, with an effect size close to that of levamisole. These results mark PG as a candidate immunorestorative adjunct worthy of mechanistic, safety and tumour-model investigation.